Bordered on three sides by ocean and boasting more than 8,400 miles of shoreline, Florida is truly a coastal state. No place in the state is more than 65 miles from the sea, and approximately 10 million of Florida’s 14 million residents live in its coastal counties.

Those residents, as well as countless visitors, go to Florida’s coasts to delight in walks on sandy beaches, to be bathed by clear, warm waters and fabled Florida sunshine, or to be embraced by balmy breezes. The sight and sound of surf calms the mind and refreshes the spirit. The low, flat horizon and great sweep of sky are both comforting and awe-inspiring.

Florida’s coasts are remarkable — varying from the white sandy beaches that border the Gulf of Mexico, to the biologically rich Indian River Lagoon, to the mangrove forests of the Ten Thousand Islands, to the coral reefs surrounding the Florida Keys. Unique geologically, ecologically, and biologically, these coastal ecosystems are among the most productive areas on earth, supporting an array of aquatic and terrestrial life — including humans.

The state’s coastal environment is in a delicate natural balance, but is often subject to damaging activities by humans. Irresponsible development in the coastal zone can easily destroy the special features that make it rich economically, environmentally and aesthetically.

Poorly sited construction on the oceanfront can devastate naturally occurring protective dune systems and vegetation, placing humans and structures in jeopardy from storms, erosion and flooding. Improper development of the coastal zone’s sounds and bays can disrupt vital fish habitat on which Florida’s commercial and recreational fisheries depend.

Development of fragile coastal areas can deplete or damage freshwater resources by overuse and pollution. This can diminish drinking water supplies and cause a host of water quality ills.

Finally, development in coastal areas makes evacuation planning and preparation for hurricanes and tropical storms even more difficult, increasing risk to people and property alike.

Along with its special charms, coastal property brings special concerns and challenges for its owners.

Anyone considering the purchase of property in Florida’s coastal zone needs to be aware that along with its special charms, coastal property brings special concerns and challenges for its owners.

This brochure outlines some of the important features of the coastal zone — its natural dynamics as well as pressures humans exert on it. In addition, it offers considerations for the wise purchase of coastal property.

For information about building on coastal property, see this brochure’s companion: Building in Paradise: Things to Know and Questions to Ask When Building and Living on Florida’s Coasts.